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Ubuntu Server + Mint Desktop First Install Security Options While Linux distributions like Ubuntu and Mint share the "secure-by-default" philosophy seen in Windows Server 2022, their approach to hardening is significantly different. In the Linux world, the "automation" isn't a single wizard, but rather a set of specialized tools and a "minimalist" installation strategy. 1. ...  Ubuntu Server + Mint Desktop First Install Security Options

Windows Server 2022 First Install Security Options Windows Server 2022 does not have a "one-click" automatic hardening button during the initial installation wizard. However, it is designed with a "Secure by Default" philosophy, and Microsoft provides tools to automate the bulk of the hardening process immediately after installation. Here is how the hardening process breaks ...  Windows Server 2022 First Install Security Options

No one ever explained this Shambles at Uni, or any Networking course I´ve taken…FFS. How many of us thought a 5G phone connects to the cellular network at 5Ghz and transferred data at up to that speed?? Nope! How many off us thought a 5G router used the same frequencies as the Cell networks? Depends... ...  No one ever explained this "Standards" Shambles at Uni…FFS

When viewing left to right pins 1-8, the pair legs – even if split colours, are legs AB AB AB AB AB where B legs are SOLID colours. The blue pair legs on Pins 4+5 seem reversed (legs BA) because for voice, in an RJ11, the B legs (single colour – no white) are all ...  How to remember RJ45 pin colours

The CompTIA Network+ 7-step troubleshooting model to logically identify and resolve network issues. The 7-Step Troubleshooting Process Identify the problem Gather information: Talk to the user, identify symptoms, and determine if anything has changed recently. Duplicate the problem: If possible, try to make the error happen again. Identify symptoms: Look for error messages or physical ...  CompTIA Network+ curriculum 7-step troubleshooting model

What Happens Past /30 in Subnetting? While a /30 is the "classic" way to teach subnetting (because it follows the rule of needing a Network ID and a Broadcast address), modern networking frequently uses /31 and /32 for specific reasons. Here is why those masks exist and where you’ll see them in a configuration: 1. ...  What Happens Past /30 in Subnetting?

Jake IT - Fault Finding Methodology. What exactly is not working? Who is affected? When did it last work? What changed recently? What DOES still work? Map the System: Login issues are in the Authentication path. Internet issues are in the Network path. Application failures are in the Dependency path. Ask; what components are involved? ...  Jake IT – Fault Finding Methodology

Lexar E350 MS SSD NVe Enclosure Speed Tests Using Crystal Disk Mark8 on Winn11 Pro - no heat sink on the drive in the enclosure. Test 1 – C Drive motherboard Reference Speed on 14 inch HP Laptop: Or 3839MBps x 8 = 30.712 Gbps Lexar USB 3.2 Enclosure with Kingston NV3 5000 MB/s PCIe ...  Lexar E350 MS SSD NVe Enclosure Speed Tests

PS C:\Users\steve> wsl.exe --list --online The following is a list of valid distributions that can be installed. Install using 'wsl.exe --install <Distro>'. NAME FRIENDLY NAME Ubuntu Ubuntu Ubuntu-24.04 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS openSUSE-Tumbleweed openSUSE Tumbleweed openSUSE-Leap-16.0 openSUSE Leap 16.0 SUSE-Linux-Enterprise-15-SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP7 SUSE-Linux-Enterprise-16.0 SUSE Linux Enterprise 16.0 kali-linux Kali Linux Rolling Debian Debian ...  WSL2 Install in Win11 Powershell

Buying an NVMe-to-USB enclosure plus a "naked" NVMe drive is widely considered the "pro" way to handle backups in 2025. It is more versatile, easier to troubleshoot, and often faster than buying a pre-sealed external drive. Here is why your plan is highly effective and how to execute it with dd. 1. Why the Enclosure ...  NVe RAM Drive Cloning of Windows 11

The 5 Point Plan Overview: Joining Linux Mint to Active Directory (Windows Server 2022) Step 1: Network & DNS (The Foundation) Before touching any domain commands, the Linux machine must "see" the world exactly as the Domain Controller does. Action: Set a static IP (e.g., 172.27.176.32). The "Why": Linux uses DNS SRV records to find ...  Joining Linux Mint to Windows Domain (coz Ubuntu Desktop is Horrible!)

In the industry, this is known as Zero Trust Networking or SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network). Why the "Common Sense" apps are Enterprise-grade: Feature Old School (Obsolete PPTP etc) Enterprise "New School" (Tailscale/WireGuard) Philosophy "Trust the internal network, block the outside." "Trust nothing. Encrypt everything, even inside the LAN." Setup Complex Firewall rules, NAT mappings, ...  Current Industry "VPN" Use

Network+ (V9) exam objectives summary Networking concepts (23%) OSI model layers: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application. Networking appliances: routers, switches, firewalls, IDS/IPS, load balancers, proxies, NAS, SAN, and wireless devices. Cloud concepts: NFV, VPC, network security groups, cloud gateways, deployment models (public, private, hybrid), service models (SaaS, IaaS, PaaS). Ports and protocols: FTP, SFTP, SSH, Telnet, ...  Network+ (V9) exam objectives summary

Basic L1 Support Expectations in a Windows Server Domain An L1 Support Tech is the "first line of defence," focusing on identity, connectivity, and basic resource access. Identity & User Management (Active Directory) These are performed using Active Directory Users and Computers (ADUC). Reset a User Password: Providing a temporary password and forcing a "change ...  L1 Support Expectations in a Windows Server Domain

Here are 10 random scenarios for your practice. ? Remote VM L1 Support Scenarios High CPU/Slow Performance: A user reports that their VM is running extremely slowly and is almost unusable. They mention that opening any application takes several minutes. Initial checks reveal that the VM's CPU utilization is pegged at 99-100%, even when idle. ...  VM L1 Support Scenarios

Server2022 Hyper V Setup: You can easily see the IP Addresses of each VM at the screen bottom of Hyper V: net start vmms You can turn on all VMs from the Host with: Get-VM | Where-Object {$_.State -eq 'Off'} | Start-VM 3 x VMs IP addresses Host laptop settings to enable VMs internal LAN ...  Notes for HyperV Setup of Server2022, Win10 and Win11 Subnet

L1 Expectations In the real world, the best L1 techs are the ones who know exactly when to stop tinkering and start escalating with a clear set of notes. You’ve just spent hours doing L3 network engineering in a complex VM subnet environ with server 2022, win1o and win11 VMs; now let’s get back to ...  Support L1 Expectations

Since you've been building a domain lab with Active Directory, DNS, and RDP, you are already ahead of most entry-level candidates. These questions focus on the "Level 1" basics: troubleshooting, customer service, and core networking. 1. "A user says their computer is 'slow.' How do you start troubleshooting?" What they’re looking for: A logical process. ...  Level 1 Support Scenario Tests and Interview Questions

Project Goal and Core Function The primary goal of this project is to elevate the standard functionality of WordPress search from simple keyword matching to advanced semantic search and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). The semantic search capability ensures that the system finds content based on the meaning and intent of the user’s query, rather than just ...  Semantic Search & RAG WordPress Project – Current Version Dec 2025

I developed this PS script requirements over time with AI to cover useful info about a PC state to aid fault finding - you can paste it straight into the Admin PS terminal:   # SCRIPT START: EXECUTE, FORMAT, AND SAVE OUTPUT $ReportPath = "$env:USERPROFILE\Desktop\System_Diagnostic_Report_$(Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd_HHmm').txt" "Starting automated diagnostic report creation..." | Out-File $ReportPath ...  Powershell IT Support PC Info Script

Install OpenSSH Server: Bash sudo apt update sudo apt install openssh-server Configure SSHD: (Optional, but good for setup) Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config (e.g., sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config): Ensure Port 22 is uncommented or set to your desired port. Ensure ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 to allow connections from any IP within WSL2's network (or even LAN if proxied). PasswordAuthentication yes (for ...  Adding SSHFS mounted shares between 2 NAMED LAN clients, with an mDNS python script

Regarding migrating your project online to an ISP dedicated VPS for security reasons and the Flask warning about a "production WSGI server," you're hitting on a fundamental best practice for web application deployment. What is a WSGI server? WSGI stands for Web Server Gateway Interface. It's a standard specification (PEP 3333) that defines a uniform ...  Migrating Your Project to an Online ISP

WP Posts Word Count Data Science Exercise This document summarizes the process we followed to extract data from your WordPress posts, analyze their word counts by year, and visualize the findings in a pie chart. The key focus was to perform this exercise without interfering with your existing, working voice-activated semantic search project files. Overview ...  WP Posts Word Count Data Science Exercise

STOP ALL: sudo pkill -f "python3 rag_api_server.py"; sudo pkill -f "ollama serve"; sudo systemctl stop apache2; sudo systemctl stop mysql; CHECK STATUS: sudo ps aux | grep -E 'apache2|mysqld|ollama|rag_api_server.py' | grep -v grep stevee@hplaptop:~$ curl https://127.0.0.1:11434 Ollama is runningstevee@hplaptop:~$ Reason: This command uses ps aux to list all running processes on your system. It then ...  AI Semantic Search Project Summary – Local PC Version

Jurassic on AWS PartyRock wrote this format. ### Introduction The purpose of this process is to provide an AI with as much initial information about a computer system's current configuration as possible. This enables the AI to more efficiently diagnose issues and offer effective solutions. Current "Best Practice" Routine for an AI Agent design or ...  Help with Systems Fix Steps To Set the AI Environment

Project Summary: Voice-Activated AI Chatbot for WordPress using Local LLMs Project Goal: To build and integrate a voice-activated search feature into a WordPress site, leveraging local Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) to provide contextual answers from the site's own content. I. Key Technologies & Tools Utilized: Operating System: Windows 11 (Host) ...  Building a Voice-Activated AI Chatbot for WordPress using Local LLMs

Step 1: Install rclone in WSL2 Open your WSL2 Linux terminal and run: Bash sudo apt update sudo apt install rclone This will install rclone using the package manager. Step 2: Configure rclone for Google Drive (One-Time Setup) This step will open a browser window on your Windows host to authenticate with Google. Bash rclone ...  Install rclone in WSL2

NO APACHE CONF CHANGE - a working windows arbitrary binding to NOT port 80_ You're providing excellent diagnostic information! PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> netsh http show servicestate Snapshot of HTTP service state (Server Session View): ----------------------------------------------------- Server session ID: FF00000710000001 Version: 2.0 State: Active Properties: Max bandwidth: 4294967295 Timeouts: Entity body timeout (secs): 120 Drain entity body ...  Rare Port Conflicts with Win11 Services Stealing Apache Port 80 on Bootup

Can you create a beginner course to teach the basic use of N8N software (N8N software creates AI Agents), output in text format? Beginner's Guide to N8N and AI Agent Creation Module 1: Introduction to n8n What is n8n? Welcome to the world of n8n (pronounced "n-eight-n")! n8n is a powerful, open-source workflow automation tool. ...  Beginner's Guide to N8N and AI Agent Creation – Gemini AI

Identify Duplicate Slugs: Go to the wp_posts table (your table prefix might be different, e.g., wp_xyz_posts). Look at the post_name column. You're looking for entries like my-post, my-post-2, my-post-3, etc., where the content is essentially the same or one is an older, now-obsolete version. You can run SQL queries to help identify these. For example: ...  Clean Up Duplicate Posts – Gem AI

Look in vi wp-config.php to find your DB prefix first! mysql> SELECT ID, post_name FROM wp_xubg_posts WHERE post_status = 'publish' AND post_type = 'post' ORDER BY ID ASC; +-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ID | post_name | +-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 53 | re-install-win-7-with-no-dvd-and-replace-laptop-auto-recovery-partition | | 146 | cool-command-1-dd-progress | | 181 | cool-cmd-2-find-with-exec | | 230 | cool-command-3-rsync | | ...  Viewing WordPress Post Name to Number mappings in Linux MYSQL

BitLocker Encryption with Password (No TPM Issues) This guide outlines the successful steps taken to enable BitLocker with a password protector on a Windows 11 Pro system, bypassing TPM complexities and resolving various command-line errors. Prerequisites: Windows 11 Pro (or Enterprise/Education) User account with Administrator privileges Steps: Configure Group Policy to Allow Password Protector: Open ...  BitLocker Encryption with Password (No TPM Issues)

This document summarizes the process and challenges involved in accessing websites hosted within WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux 2) from other devices on your local network, drawing specifically from the successful troubleshooting steps and conclusions from our session. Accessing WSL2 Websites from a Remote Client Goal: To make a web server running in WSL2 on ...  Net Client to Win11 WSL2 Access Fix, with Gemini AI, 2025

This eBook is a collection of 123 WordPress Posts I wrote from 2014-2022, on very varied technical subjects, using Linux as the primary tool for various IT and telecoms topics of interest to me. It represents a comprehensive summary of my total IT tech knowledge across Linux, Windows, Networking, Cisco, Programming (JS, HTML, CSS, C, ...  All My IT Tech Post Knowledge – Introduction

As I've done so much work on my websites and WordPress recently rebuilding/fixing/designing them for uploading to the web (here! lol) and I have about 256GB of space on my Win11 laptop, I wondered if all my Posts would work flawlessly on WSL, following my How-Tos line by line, and see if they worked as ...  Running Apache2, MYSQL and WordPress on Win11 WSL Ubuntu

Programmers need to write their web apps for secure server hosting practically universally now, so you should also be writing them in VS Code/other IDE with a Live Server set up for SSL as in the last Post, but if you also write at home and host on a local apache2 server or similar, it ...  SSL on Ubuntu Apache2 – Creating Self Signed Certificates, Checking SSL Traffic with TCPDUMP and Wireshark

First you need to set up an SSL certificate for your VS code PC to mimic a Cert Authority locally, so on my Win11 laptop I have installed WSL Ubuntu so openssl can be run to use linux commands for the following cert setup. It doesn't matter what nonsense values you put in the certificate ...  VS Code Live Server SSL Settings

My new sites - the Landing Page, Debian Admin and Electronics Stuff pages once functional, were tested initially in PageSpeed Insights to get a feel for performance jargon and some suggestions, then finding some things I needed to test in DevTools in Chrome (F12 key) and PageSpeed Insights. Changing .png images to Webp and adding ...  First Site Pages Speed and SEO Tweaks

I have spent the last 3 days going mad trying to find the reason for most of my images on my home site not showing images in Posts or the Media library: I tried every solution I found on the web - and then some! - to no avail, until day three when someone mentioned ...  WordPress Images Not Showing – Rare Solution

I have exported my home DBs from linux mysql, zipped them up and uploaded both the site WP content/uploads folder and the DB sql files. To export a sql file from an active DB I use: stevee@localhost:/var/www$ mysqldump -u stevee -p ElectronicsStuff > ElectronicsStuff.SQL The site content folder is zipped also: stevee@localhost:/var/www$ zip ElectronicsStuff.zip ElectronicsStuff ...  Uploading Your Local WordPress MYSQL Site to a New Hosting cPanel Site

CREATE database NEO ; USE NEO; DROP database NEO ; source /var/www/NEOBabyHPWorking.sql ; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON NEO.* TO 'stevee'@'localhost'; ALTER USER 'stevee'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'pw'; WP-CLI: cd /opt curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wp-cli/builds/gh-pages/phar/wp-cli.phar stevee@localhost:/opt$ sudo curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wp-cli/builds/gh-pages/phar/wp-cli.phar [sudo] password for stevee: % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload ...  WordPress CLI Commands and some MYSQL Repair Commands

Find DB collation: SELECT @@character_set_database, @@collation_database; and for Engine: SHOW TABLE STATUS\G Diff Engines are not a prob in same DB. GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ElectronicsStuff TO stevee@localhost IDENTIFIED BY pword ; SHOW GRANTS FOR 'stevee'@'localhost'; systemctl restart mysql.service mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD'; mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH ...  MYSQL DB Repair Commands

Downgrade PHP8.1 to PHP8.0 or PHP7.4 on Ubuntu 22.04 | by Stavros Kounis | Medium Ubuntu 22.04 comes with PHP 8.1. This article describes how to change this and install and set as default the version 8.0 or 7.4. Install PHP Version Install the required dependencies. sudo apt install software-properties-common ca-certificates lsb-release apt-transport-http Add the ...  Downgrading PHP Versions

HTML: <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Document</title> <script src="script.js" defer></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css" /> </head> <body> <video id="background-video" autoplay loop muted poster="VidPoster.png"> <source src="video.mp4" type="video/mp4"> </video> <header class="header">Header Text</header> <section class="primary-container"> <button class="one1">stop Paul</button> <button class="two1">start Paul</button> </section> <img src="Paul.png" class="paul rotate-image" alt="pic"/> <footer class="footer">Footer Text</footer> ...  WebDev: Embedded Video Code for Landing Page Link

From one of Kyle Cook's YT vids, showing the various types of input forms that can be used in an HTML page and styled with CSS. He also includes a results.html page for logging the data to that outputs in text: name : Stephen Edwards email : edwards@hotmail.com age : 150 date : 2022-11-10 Banana ...  Form Validation Types, Results Script and Non Default Web Font Use

This was great fun - I got the quiz style idea after looking at https://www.florin-pop.com/ as he has a "10 days of code" challenge with github examples to DL - so the main code is his, with design, content and extra functionality added to suit what I wanted to learn how to do - not ...  WebDev Portfolio 2 – Fun "Conspiracy Theory Quiz"

This was my first attempt at writing a JS based program after about 2 months of study - about 1/3 way through Jonas Schmedtmann's Udemy Course, about 80% through Kyle Cook's webdevsimplified JS course and 60% into his CSS course - but without much ingrained yet, obviously - it's a massive amount of info to ...  WebDev Portfolio 1 – First Solo Project – Noughts and Crosses

Hoisting by the JS Engine makes some variables available for use before they are declared by the JS engine creating a "variable environment object" as the code is initially scanned before being run. It is best to experiment with the various variable type to understand which get hoisted and which don't, as behaviour varies markedly. ...  JS Behind The Scenes : Hoisting and the TDZ – Temporal Dead Zone

To work toward the DRY principle (Don't Repeat Yourself), the code in the previous learning Post comprised 2 almost equal blocks for two differnet conditions - one guess too high, the other too low. A ternary operator can be used to replace those code blocks so massively decrease the code quantity, while doing the same ...  JS: Refactoring the Guess Number Game Code

https://www.udemy.com/course/the-complete-javascript-course/ jonas schmedtmann (Udemy): <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" /> <title>Guess My Number!</title> <script src="script.js" defer></script> </head> <body> <header> <h1>Guess My Number!</h1> <p class="between">(Between 1 and 20)</p> <button class="btn again">Play Again!</button> <div class="number">?</div> </header> <main> <section class="left"> <input class="guess" type="number"> ...  JavaScript: Guess Number Game

https://www.udemy.com/course/the-complete-javascript-course/ Functions: jonas schmedtmann (Udemy): "like a variable but for chunks of code" "..can receive data or return data back..I like to think of them as machines..like a food processor" "functions produce values" "...receive input data, transform data and output data.." (This means they can have a variable assigned to that value so used in ...  Functions: Writing and Converting JS Functions to Arrow Functions

Grid is similar to Flex in that you tell it what layout style you want, but in form of columns and rows. In this case there are 3 columns with column 2 twice the width of 1 and 3: <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <style> .item { border: 1px solid #333; background-color: #777; color: yellow; ...  CSS Grid Layouts

Because flex is such a powerful and common selector, I've summarised most of it's useful aspects, in a short enough document, so even Joe might read it..(lots of pics, min text) lol! <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Document</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css"> <style> .item { border: 1px ...  CSS Flex Positioning Options

This Portfolio Project was built on exercises in Kyle Cook's WEBDev JS and CSS courses: https://www.youtube.com/c/WebDevSimplified He also has a Calculator and Clock project, with code, that was used and modified a little to fit inside the main page using Iframes. Clock Calc The basic Todo List HTML and CSS from Kyle's courses - (without ...  JS, HTML and CSS Todo List – Saves List to JSON File

I did a post a long way back on Primes and Erastothenes Sieve not knowing how "equivalent" the code is between languages, but now I have 4 version that seem identical as can be. I intend to test them speedwise on my much newer, super powerful Dell Inspiron 16 7610, that sports 16 processors and ...  Equivalent Prime Numbers Programs for Java, Python, C and JScript Testing

Create yourself a copy of the awk/sed man page - it's easier to read: man -t awk | ps2pdf - > awkman.pdf man -t sed | ps2pdf - > sedman.pdf From sed & awk by OReilly - older kernel/system example problems...examples don't copy in lines, but columns often, and major parts of examples are assumed knowledge/steps, ...  Awk/Perl/SED Notepad

lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 1.4T 0 disk /dev/sda1 8:1 0 1.4T 0 part /1500GB sdb 8:16 0 931.5G 0 disk /dev/sdb1 8:17 0 931.5G 0 part /Quadra sdc 8:32 0 149.1G 0 disk â”─sdc1 8:33 0 142.6G 0 part / â”─sdc2 8:34 0 1K 0 part /dev/sdc5 8:37 ...  Some Linux One Line Cmds

Databases – A Research Paper by Steve Edwards 2009 Introduction As there are multiple ways in which electronic data can be stored, accessed, altered, and defined, so there are many different types of Databases in existence, storing and manipulating data for a particular purpose. Differences between possible configurations of various electronic Multi-User Databases will be investigated - ...  Databases – A Research Paper 2009